Find and return the highest number and corresponding date based on a condition

This article describes how to filter records based on the maximum value of a specific item. There are names in column B, dates in column C, and numbers in column D.

The formula in cell G3 extracts numbers from column D based on the given condition in cell F3. The highest number is then calculated and returned to cell G3 with the corresponding date in column H.

Answer:

Array formula in G3:

Array formula in cell H3:

How to enter an array formula

1. Select cell F2.
2. Paste formula in formula bar.
3. Press and hold CTRL + SHIFT simultaneously.
4. Press Enter once.
5. Release all keys.

This is what the formula in the formula bar looks like:

Don't enter the curly brackets yourself, they appear automatically when you press CTRL + SHIFT + ENTER, see steps above.

Update 2021-05-20, The MAXIFS and MINIFS functions were introduced in Excel 2016. Enter this formula as regular formula in cell G3:

Read more: MAXIFS function

Excel 2016 formula in cell H3:

Read more: MINIFS function

These two formulas are regular formulas.

Explaining array formula in cell G3

Step 1 - Find name in cell E2 in cell range B2:B22

The equal sign lets you compare a value to another value, you can also compare a value to an entire array of values. This is what we are going to do here.

The equal sign is one of many logical operators and the result is a boolean value TRUE or FALSE, or their numerical equivalents 1 (TRUE) or 0 (FALSE).

F3=$B$3:$B$23

becomes

"peter"={"peter"; "sarah"; "peter"; "sarah"; "peter"; "peter"; "sarah"; "luke"; "peter"; "sarah"; "sarah"; "peter"; "luke"; "luke"; "luke"; "peter"; "peter"; "sarah"; "peter"; "sarah"; "sarah"}

and returns

{TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE}

Step 2 - Replace TRUE with corresponding value in cell range C2:C22 and FALSE with nothing

The IF function returns one value if the logical test is TRUE and another value if FALSE.

IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false])

IF(F3=$B$3:$B$23, $D$3:$D$23, "")

becomes

IF({TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE}, $C$2:$C$22, "")

becomes

IF({TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE}, {5; 5; 5; 4; 5; 5; 3; 4; 3; 3; 2; 2; 3; 3; 2; 2; 1; 2; 1; 2; 1}, "")

and returns

{5; ""; 5; ""; 5; 5; ""; ""; 3; ""; ""; 2; ""; ""; ""; 2; 1; ""; 1; ""; ""}

Step 3 - Find largest value in array

The MAX function returns the largest number froma cell range or an array.

MAX(IF(F3=$B$3:$B$23, $D$3:$D$23,""))

becomes

MAX({5; ""; 5; ""; 5; 5; ""; ""; 3; ""; ""; 2; ""; ""; ""; 2; 1; ""; 1; ""; ""})

and returns 5 in cell F2.

Explaining array formula in cell H3

Step 1 - Compare largest value with cell range $D$3:$D$23

This step returns an array containing boolean values, TRUE if they meet the condition and FALSE if not.

MAX(IF(F3=$B$3:$B$23, $D$3:$D$23, ""))=$D$3:$D$23

becomes

5=$D$3:$D$23

and returns

{TRUE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE}

Step 2 - Compare value in cell F3 with cell range $B$3:$B$23

This step compares the name in cell F3 to the values in cell range $B$3:$B$23.

F3=$B$3:$B$23

returns

{TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE}

Step 3 - Multiply array in step 1 with array in step 2

This step applies AND logic meaning both conditions must be met in order to return TRUE.

TRUE * TRUE = TRUE (1)

TRUE * FALSE = FALSE (0)

FALSE * TRUE = FALSE (0)

FALSE * FALSE = FALSE (0)

When you multiply boolean values you always get the numerical equivalent, TRUE = 1 and FALSE = 0 (zero)

MIN(IF((MAX(IF(F3=$B$3:$B$23, $D$3:$D$23, ""))=$D$3:$D$23)*(F3=$B$3:$B$23),$C$3:$C$23, "A"))

MAX(IF(E2=$A$2:$A$22,$C$2:$C$22,""))=$C$2:$C$22)*(E2=$A$2:$A$22)

becomes

{TRUE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE} * {TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE; FALSE; TRUE; TRUE; FALSE; TRUE; FALSE; FALSE}

and returns

{1; 0; 1; 0; 1; 1; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0}

Step 4 - Replace TRUE with corresponding value in cell range C2:C22 and FALSE with random text string

The IF function returns one value if the logical test is TRUE and another value if FALSE.

IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false])

IF(E2=$A$2:$A$22,$C$2:$C$22,""))=$C$2:$C$22)*(E2=$A$2:$A$22),$B$2:$B$22,"A")

bcomes

IF({1; 0; 1; 0; 1; 1; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0},$B$2:$B$22,"A")

and returns

{42034; "A"; 42032; "A"; 42028; 42026; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"}

Step 5 - Find smallest value in array, text strings are ignored

The MIN function returns the smallest number in a cell range or array, text strings are ignored.

MIN(IF((MAX(IF(E2=$A$2:$A$22,$C$2:$C$22,""))=$C$2:$C$22)*(E2=$A$2:$A$22),$B$2:$B$22,"A"))

becomes

MIN({42034; "A"; 42032; "A"; 42028; 42026; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"; "A"})

and returns 42026 in cell G2.

Get the Excel file

Denis-1.xlsx