How to use the IF THEN ELSE ELSEIF END IF statement [VBA]
Author: Oscar Cronquist Article last updated on February 07, 2022
This article demonstrates how to use the If ... Then statement in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). You can combine the If ... Then statement with Else and ElseIf to make it more versatile and create more advanced conditions.
Table of Contents
1. How to use the If ... then statement
The picture above demonstrates an If ... Then statement using a condition, you can use logical operators like the:
- < less than sign
- > greater than sign
- = equal sign
- <> not equal signs meaning a smaller than and a larger than sign combined.
This particular example checks if the value in B3 is smaller than the value in cell D3. If true the If statement runs the remaining code after the Then statement, in this case, it shows a message box with text Value1 is smaller than Value2. See the image above.
VBA code
'Name macro
Sub Macro1()
'If ... Then statement
If Range("B3") < Range("D3") Then MsgBox "Value1 is smaller than Value2"
'Stop macro
End Sub
1.1 If ... Then condition: larger than
VBA code
'Name macro
Sub Macro1()
'If ... Then statement
If Range("B3") > Range("D3") Then MsgBox "Value1 is larger than Value2"
'Stop macro
End Sub
1.2 If ... Then condition: equal to
VBA code
'Name macro
Sub Macro1()
'If ... Then statement
If Range("B3") = Range("D3") Then MsgBox "Value1 is equal to Value2"
'Stop macro
End Sub
1.3 If ... Then condition: not equal to
VBA code
'Name macro
Sub Macro1()
'If ... Then statement
If Range("B3") <> Range("D3") Then MsgBox "Value1 is not equal to Value2"
'Stop macro
End Sub
2. How to use the If ... Then ... End If statement
The If ... Then ... End If statement allows you to run multiple lines of code, the End if statement tells the subroutine when the lines have been run and the If ... Then ... End if statement is completed.
2.1 VBA code
'Name macro
Sub Macro2()
'If ... Then ... Endif statement
If Range("B3") < Range("D3") Then
'Save number 45 to cell E3 in current worksheet
Range("E3") = 45
'Show message box
MsgBox "Value1 is smaller than Value2"
End if
'Stop macro
End Sub
The subroutine above saves the number 45 to cell E3 if the value in cell B3 is smaller than the value in D3.
The msgbox function then displays a dialog box containing the message Value1 is smaller than Value2.
3. How to use the If ... Then ... Else ... End if statement
The ELSE statement allows you to run code if the logical expression is not met.
3.1 VBA code
'Name macro
Sub Macro3()
'If ... Then ... Else ... Endif statement
If Range("B3") < Range("D3") Then
'Display message box
MsgBox "Value1 is smaller than Value2"
Else
'Display message box
MsgBox "Value1 is not smaller than Value2"
End If
'Stop macro
End Sub
4. How to use the If ... Then ... Elseif ... Else ... Endif statement
The ELSEIF statement lets you create another logical expression, you may have multiple ELSEIFs in the statement.
4.1 VBA code
'Name macro
Sub Macro4()
'If ... Then ... ElseIf ... Else ... Endif statement
If Range("B3") < Range("D3") Then
'Display message box
MsgBox "Value1 is smaller than Value2"
ElseIf Range("B3") = Range("D3") Then
'Display message box
MsgBox "Value1 is equal to Value2"
Else
'Display message box
MsgBox "Value1 is larger than Value2"
End If
'Stop macro
End Sub
5. Where to put the VBA code?
- Copy the VBA macro code.
- Press Alt and F11 to open the Visual Basic Editor (VBE).
- Press with left mouse button on "Insert" on the top menu.
- Press with left mouse button on "Module", see the image above.
- A new module is inserted, see the Project Explorer above.
- Paste the VBA macro code to the code module.
- Exit VBE and return to Excel.
6. How to run a VBA macro
- Press Alt and F8, a dialog box appears.
- Select the macro you want to run.
- Press with left mouse button on "Run" button.
Get Excel *.xlsm macro-enabled file
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This article demonstrates how to sort a specific column in an Excel defined Table based on event code. The event […]
Split data across multiple sheets [VBA]
In this post I am going to show how to create a new sheet for each airplane using vba. The […]
In this post I am going to show how to create a new sheet for each airplane using vba. The […]
Split search value using delimiter and search for each substring
This article demonstrates formulas and a UDF that searches for values in a table based on concatenated values and returns […]
This article demonstrates formulas and a UDF that searches for values in a table based on concatenated values and returns […]
Split values equally into groups
Question: How do I divide values equally into groups (3 lists or less)? This post shows you two different approaches, […]
Question: How do I divide values equally into groups (3 lists or less)? This post shows you two different approaches, […]
SUMIF across multiple sheets [UDF]
This post describes a User Defined Function that searches multiple ranges and adds corresponding values across worksheets in a workbook. A […]
This post describes a User Defined Function that searches multiple ranges and adds corresponding values across worksheets in a workbook. A […]
Toggle a macro on/off using a button
This article demonstrates how the user can run a macro by press with left mouse button oning on a button, […]
This article demonstrates how the user can run a macro by press with left mouse button oning on a button, […]
Two-way lookup using multiple tables [UDF]
This article describes a User Defined Function that lookups values in multiple cross reference tables based on two conditions. A […]
This article describes a User Defined Function that lookups values in multiple cross reference tables based on two conditions. A […]
Unzip files in folder and subfolders
The VBA macro demonstrated in this article lets you unzip all zip files in a folder to a destination folder […]
The VBA macro demonstrated in this article lets you unzip all zip files in a folder to a destination folder […]
Use text qualifiers to make text to columns conversion easier [VBA]
This blog post describes how to insert qualifers to make "text to columns" conversion easier. Example I copied a table from […]
This blog post describes how to insert qualifers to make "text to columns" conversion easier. Example I copied a table from […]
Which Excel files in folder are password protected?
This article explains how to check if Excel files in a given folder are password protected. The image above shows […]
This article explains how to check if Excel files in a given folder are password protected. The image above shows […]
Working with ARRAY VARIABLES (VBA)
This post will teach you how to work with Excel arrays in visual basic for applications (VBA). Why do you […]
This post will teach you how to work with Excel arrays in visual basic for applications (VBA). Why do you […]
Working with FILES
What's on this page Copy a file Copy and rename a file Rename a file List files in a folder […]
What's on this page Copy a file Copy and rename a file Rename a file List files in a folder […]
Working with LIST BOXES (Form Controls)
This blog post shows you how to manipulate List Boxes (form controls) manually and with VBA code. The list box […]
This blog post shows you how to manipulate List Boxes (form controls) manually and with VBA code. The list box […]
This extensive vba reference list provides detailed information including syntax, arguments, return values, and examples for Visual Basic for Applications.
If then else statement category
Excel calendar [VBA]
This workbook contains two worksheets, one worksheet shows a calendar and the other worksheet is used to store events. The […]
This workbook contains two worksheets, one worksheet shows a calendar and the other worksheet is used to store events. The […]
Find the most/least consecutive repeated value [VBA]
This post Find the longest/smallest consecutive sequence of a value has a few really big array formulas. Today I would like to […]
This post Find the longest/smallest consecutive sequence of a value has a few really big array formulas. Today I would like to […]
How to create a list of comments from a worksheet programmatically
Did you know that you can select all cells containing comments in the current sheet? Press F5, press with left […]
Did you know that you can select all cells containing comments in the current sheet? Press F5, press with left […]
Run a Macro from a Drop Down list [VBA]
This article demonstrates how to run a VBA macro using a Drop Down list. The Drop Down list contains two […]
This article demonstrates how to run a VBA macro using a Drop Down list. The Drop Down list contains two […]
Show / hide a picture using a button
This article explains how to hide a specific image in Excel using a shape as a button. If the user […]
This article explains how to hide a specific image in Excel using a shape as a button. If the user […]
Excel categories
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More than 300 Excel functions with detailed information including syntax, arguments, return values, and examples for most of the functions used in Excel formulas.
More than 600 formulas organized in subcategories.
Excel Tables simplifies your work with data, adding or removing data, filtering, totals, sorting, enhance readability using cell formatting, cell references, formulas, and more.
Allows you to filter data based on selected value , a given text, or other criteria. It also lets you filter existing data or move filtered values to a new location.
Lets you control what a user can type into a cell. It allows you to specifiy conditions and show a custom message if entered data is not valid.
Lets the user work more efficiently by showing a list that the user can select a value from. This lets you control what is shown in the list and is faster than typing into a cell.
Lets you name one or more cells, this makes it easier to find cells using the Name box, read and understand formulas containing names instead of cell references.
The Excel Solver is a free add-in that uses objective cells, constraints based on formulas on a worksheet to perform what-if analysis and other decision problems like permutations and combinations.
An Excel feature that lets you visualize data in a graph.
Format cells or cell values based a condition or criteria, there a multiple built-in Conditional Formatting tools you can use or use a custom-made conditional formatting formula.
Lets you quickly summarize vast amounts of data in a very user-friendly way. This powerful Excel feature lets you then analyze, organize and categorize important data efficiently.
VBA stands for Visual Basic for Applications and is a computer programming language developed by Microsoft, it allows you to automate time-consuming tasks and create custom functions.
A program or subroutine built in VBA that anyone can create. Use the macro-recorder to quickly create your own VBA macros.
UDF stands for User Defined Functions and is custom built functions anyone can create.
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I am in need of an if/then statement that will run a macro. I created a drop down list with values. If a value is selected, I want the macro to check a checkbox on the next worksheet - which is where the drop down list values came from. I have tried a few things and none of them have worked. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated.